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Sequence 01
Rappel de l’intitulé du cours : Introduction to Translation (Legal English): Arabic-
English
and English-Arabic
Numéro de la séquence : 01
Compétence générale visée:
Know the concepts, approaches and tools of technical and legal translation between English and Arabic
Dear Student,
At the end of this sequence, you will be able to:
· define translation in general, its types, purposes and constraints;
· explain the differences between technical and legal translation and interpretation
· present the main theoretical approaches to technical and legal translation;
· use practical technical and legal translation tools (dictionaries, glossaries, corpus, software, etc.).
Lesson 1: The Basics of Translation (English/Arabic and Arabic/English)
1. Introduction
This lesson serves as is an introduction for you as a student of Legal English to translation in order to develop their understanding of translation issues in both directions: English/Arabic and Arabic/English. The importance of this lesson lies in helping you define translation, its types, purposes and constraints, explain the differences between translation and interpretation, present the main theoretical approaches to translation and finally use practical translation tools (dictionaries, glossaries, corpus, software, etc.). The lesson also features practical exercises following the theoretical explanation to test your understanding of the themes presented earlier. This will enable you to: 1) develop your understanding of translation in a wider context and to give you the necessary notions to improve your translation practice later on and 2) apply your understanding of these topics to help you move further to translate lexical units between English and Arabic.
2 Defining Translation
3 Process and Product of Translation
This paragraph helps you remember what translation is.
4 Defining Legal translation
Legal translation or as Mellinkoff (1963 , p. 3) calls “the language of law” can be easily described as the process of translating documents, like witness statements, contracts, filed patents, transcripts, official reports and financial papers. The legal field remains undeniably crucial in fostering collaboration and facilitating business transactions among individuals and institutions on a scale.
5 Difference Between Technical and Legal Translation and Interpreting
Dear Student,
In Technical and Legal Translation courses, it is also common to start by discussing concepts, like equivalence and translation strategies. This helps you familiarize with these ideas, within the translation industry.
4. The Importance of Technical and Legal Translation
Dear student,
These videos will surely help you understand the basics of translation in Technical and Legal translation, in particular.
So enjoy watching them in your free time!
اساسيات في الترجمة العربية من االنجليزية — 1 — Translation English-Arabic in Basics
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dD5pj8SCRcc
Karen McAuliffe: Law, Language and Translation in the EU Legal Order
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ibGBxxs_Np0
Tough Challenges of Translating Legal Documents
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VZbb6TJ_NSU
Here are some legal words and expressions in English and their translation into Arabic.
a) Near-equivalence (NE) occurs when legal concepts of the two languages, e.g., English- Arabic share most of their primary and subsidiary characteristics or are the same, which is very rare. For example, the English legal expressions
القانون ”, “ Code Civil
Power of Attorney ““” عامة وكالة
These expressions have the same meaning in English and Arabic.
b) Partial equivalence (PE) occurs when the English-Arabic legal concepts are quite similar, and the differences can be clarified, e.g. by lexical expansion. For example,
"الممارسة التجارية Arabic," in rendering another has that ”العرف التجاري practice commercial
judicial interpretation “ االجتهاد”القضائية that has another rendering in Arabic for interpretation as"التفسيرالقضائي "
c) Non-equivalence (NoE) occurs when only few or none of the important aspects of EnglishArabic legal concepts correspond or if there is no functional equivalent in the target legal system for a specific ST concept. For examples, the Islamic terms and concepts such as
Al Ethm ,االثم Fatwa فتوى that mean in English Sin and Verdict respectively. The English terms Home Office means “ ”الداخلية وزارةthe Ministry of the Interior.